On 23 May, the Somali National Army (SNA) launched a large-scale offensive in Middle Shabelle without fully coordinating with AMISOM, leading to serious losses against Al-Shabaab. Sector 5 forces, primarily Burundian troops, were unprepared to engage due to troop rotations, leaving the SNA exposed. The operation highlights long-standing tensions between SNA and AMISOM, which fluctuate based on leadership chemistry, communication, and strategic coherence. Chief of Defence Staff, General Odowaa Yusuf Raage, criticized AMISOM for a static posture and logistical failures, while AMISOM accused the SNA of unilateral action and poor planning. International partners also question AMISOM’s effectiveness, seeing it as costly but largely passive, especially as the transition to Somali-led security responsibility accelerates.